Andrewsarchus lived during
the late Eocene epoch of the Paleogene period in Asia
(fossils have been
found in Mongolia),
between about 45 million and 36 million years ago.
Andrewsarchus was a mammal of the extinct order Mesonychia -
the Mesonychids were a group of hoofed carnivores
which were related to artiodactyls (even-toed ungulates) and cetaceans (the group containing
whales, dolphins and porpoises).
To date, only the animal's skull and a few other bones
have been found, so not all details of the animal's
lifestyle are clear (for example, we are not certain
whether it was an active predator or a scavenger).
It is known to be have been heavily built with
an enormous skull, a long snout with large teeth
(including sharp cutting teeth, and flat cheek teeth
that could have crushed bones), a long body, a long tail,
and short legs with hoofed toes.
Because no complete specimen has yet been found, the exact
size of Andrewsarchus remains a subject of much debate.
It was probably around 12 feet (3.7 meters) long from head to pelvis,
not including the tail, and its shoulders may have been 6 feet (1.8 meters)
above the ground. Its weight was probably somewhere between 400 and 1,000
pounds (180 to 450 kilograms) - although where in this wide range it fell,
remains a subject of debate. One thing is for sure though, it was one of the
largest mammalian land predators ever to have lived.
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