Facts about Procolophonids, an extinct prehistoric animal
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Dinosaur Jungle   >   Other Prehistoric Animals   >   Procolophonids

   

Procolophonids



Nycteroleter

Scientific Classification
  Kingdom Animalia
  Phylum Chordata
  Class Sauropsida
  Subclass Anapsida
  Order Procolophonia
  Family Procolophonidae
Procolophonids were a group of Anapsid reptiles (the same group of reptiles as turtles are traditionally classified in) that lived during the Permian and Triassic periods. They survived until the end of the Triassic.

Although they were not closely related to lizards, outwardly they generally resembled stocky lizards. The key difference from lizards is their Anapsid skulls - and a particular distinguishing feature of Procolophonids were backward-pointing spikes found on their cheeks (in the case of one genus, Hypsognathus, there were many such spikes).

Earlier forms of Procolophonids generally had sharp pointed teeth, suggestive of an insectivorous diet. However the teeth of later forms suggests a herbivorous (plant-eating) diet.

One other interesting fact about Procolophonids is that they are (at the time of writing) the earliest known Tetrapod to have reached the Antarctic (during the early Triassic period).

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Procolophonids Timeline:



Procolophonids were Anapsid reptiles of the Permian and Triassic periods

Procolophonids were Anapsid reptiles of the Permian and Triassic periods


   
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Procolophonid Books


Here are some books from Amazon.com:

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The Age of Reptiles
By Edwin H. Colbert

Dover Publications
Paperback (256 pages)

The Age of Reptiles
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Product Description:
Concise detailed review — amply illustrated — of the astonishing creatures that ruled the earth for some 180 million years, with particular emphasis on the tetrapods (four-legged vertebrates that lived during the years of reptilian dominance). Also examines interrelationships between amphibians and reptiles, birds and mammals, and between these creatures and their environments.
Chinese Fossil Vertebrates
By Spencer G. Lucas

Columbia University Press
Paperback (320 pages)

Chinese Fossil Vertebrates
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Product Description:

The literature on Chinese fossil vertebrates is extremely difficult for Western scholars to assimilate and interpret. In part, this is because much of that literature is in Chinese, and few useful reviews exist in Western languages. Yet China has an extensive vertebrate fossil record, one that plays a key role in understanding the evolution of vertebrates. Spencer Lucas gives an up-to-date review and synthesis of the Chinese vertebrate fossil record that will greatly facilitate an understanding of and further research into this outstanding fossil record. The book provides the reader with a comprehensive, chronologically ordered review of China's vertebrate fossil record. It also presents a history of vertebrate paleontological studies in China and an entrée to some important issues of systematics, evolutionary history, paleoecology, taphonomy, and functional anatomy best elucidated by China's fossils. This volume should therefore become an indispensable part of the library of any student of vertebrate evolution.

(Fossil News )
In the Shadow of the Dinosaurs: Early Mesozoic Tetrapods
Cambridge University Press
Paperback (448 pages)

In the Shadow of the Dinosaurs: Early Mesozoic Tetrapods
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Product Description:
This book is the first attempt to collate all the information known to date on the small vertebrates, e.g. mammals, crocodiles, turtles, lizards, frogs, salamanders, etc., and features contributions by experts with international reputations in their fields. There are chapters on the taxonomy and phylogeny of the key vertebrate groups followed by a section dealing with the most significant fossiliferous assemblages worldwide. The final section looks at how faunal turnover at this time is measured and examines the possibility of mass extinctions.
The Osteology of the Reptiles
By Alfred Sherwood Romer

Krieger Pub Co
Hardcover (800 pages)

The Osteology of the Reptiles
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Product Description:
Based on the work of Samuel Wendell Williston and Dr. W. K. Gregory, author and editor of the original title published in 1925, this volume consists of two major portions -- a structure-by-structure account of the reptile skeleton, followed by a classification of the various reptile groups based on osteological characters. It was designed to give in outline form an account of the nature of the skeletal system of numerous reptile types living and extinct.
The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia
Cambridge University Press
Paperback (740 pages)

The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia
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The former Soviet Union covers a vast area of land, and over the last 200 years, many dozens of extraordinary dinosaurs and other fossil amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals have been found in Mesozoic rocks in its territories. The Permo-Triassic of the Ural Mountains of Russia have produced hundreds of superb specimens, and many of the dinosaurs from Mongolia are unique. This is the first compilation in any Western language of this large body of Russian research and the first time so much of this research, previously unexplored by the West, has been introduced in English. The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia is written by a unique mix of Russian and Western palaeontologists, and provides an entrée to a range of fossil faunas, in particular reptiles, that have been little known outside Russia. It will undoubtedly become a major reference work for all vertebrate palaeontologists.
Fossil Vertebrates - Fauna and Concepts
By W. Sargeant

Routledge
Paperback (128 pages)

Fossil Vertebrates - Fauna and Concepts
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A new Triassic procolophonid from Pennsylvania (American Museum novitates)
By Edwin Harris Colbert

American Museum of Natural History
Paperback (19 pages)
Lowest Used Price: $8.00*
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